Physiological Benefits of Sound

Hormones & Neurotransmitters

Research has shown that tonal frequencies used in sound immersion therapy can activate the parasympathetic NS, releasing hormones and neurotransmitters that can improve mood, focus, sleep, cardiovascular health, and pain perception.

  • Mood & Focus

    Studies have demonstrated that sound therapy, through parasympathetic NS activation (PSNS), can reduce levels of stress hormones such as cortisol, while increasing oxytocin and acetylcholine, effectively reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression while improving cognition.

    Oxytocin: Oxytocin acts primarily as a hormone, but can act as a neurotransmitter, influencing neural activity. Its function is crucial for emotional regulation, stimulating feelings of love, trust, and connection and reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression.

    Acetylcholine: Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that plays a role in memory formation, learning, and attention. In the hippocampus, a region crucial for memory formation, acetylcholine enhances neural connections affecting cognitive abilities.

    Cortisol: Cortisol is known as the “stress hormone.” Chronic elevated cortisol levels can lead to negative health effects, such as anxiety, depression, weight gain, and weakened immune function. Soundwaves of isochronic tones reduce the body’s output of cortisol. Through consistent sound therapy sessions, the body will release cortisol less frequently and become more resilient to stressors as the nervous system continues to heal.

  • Sleep

    Chronic disrupted sleep causes fatigue and hormonal imbalance, further perpetuating the cycle of sleep dysfunction. Sound therapy activates the PSNS reducing stress, which is often the primary cause of sleep challenges.

    The PNS promotes release of the hormone melatonin, known to aid in deep relaxation and sleep.

    Melatonin: Naturally released melatonin effectively regulates the sleep-wake cycle by promoting sleep and maintaining circadian rhythms, signaling to the body that it’s time to rest. Naturally produced melatonin not only improves sleep quality, but also avoids potential side effects associated with supplements.

  • Cardiovascular Health

    Sound immersion therapy supports heart health slowing down brainwaves activating the parasympathetic NS and releasing Acetylcholine. This process induces deep breathing, reduced heart rate, and decreased blood pressure while increasing heart rate variability (HRV), increasing stress resilience.  


    Acetylcholine

    the chief neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system that dilates blood vessels and slows heart rate. 

    Heart Rate Variability (HRV)

    HRV is the amount of time between heartbeats, and it's a measure of how well the body recovers from stress and handles physical strain:

  • Pain Perception

    Sound immersion therapy is an effective complementary approach to pain management. It slows down brain waves, activating the PSNS to release pain-relieving endorphins, reduce muscle tension, and enhance metabolic functions.

    Serotonin, Oxytocin, & Endogenous Opioids (endorphins)

    Seratonin: can enhance the body’s natural pain-relief pathways and is known to modulate the descending pain control system in the brain and spinal cord.

    Oxytocin has been shown to activate certain pathways that inhibit pain signals and enhance the body’s natural analgesic (pain-relieving) mechanisms, decreasing pain perception. 

    Endorphins block pain receptors in our body from receiving signals of discomfort,  providing relief in pain perception.

    Heart Rate Variability (HRV)

    Improved heart rate variability through sound therapy is linked to lower pain sensitivity.

    A study involving mice revealed that low-intensity sounds, such as classical music or tonal frequencies significantly reduced pain perception. The researchers identified a neural pathway linking the auditory system to pain processing areas in the brain, highlighting how sound can help mitigate pain.

Immune Health

Sound frequencies can help lower levels of chronic inflammation by stimulating the vagus nerve, which plays a crucial role in regulating inflammation. The vagus nerve can be activated through sound, promoting the release of anti-inflammatory molecules in the body.

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  • Chien, H. L., & Chien, H. P. (2014). Effects of music therapy on pain and anxiety in cancer patients: A systematic review.Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 48(3), 295-302. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2013.09.014

  • Cotoia, Antonella, et al. "Effects of Tibetan Music on Neuroendocrine and Autonomic Functions in Patients Waiting for Surgery: A Randomized, Controlled Study." Published Online, 5 Mar. 2018, doi:10.1155/2018/9683780

  • Olcese, C., A. Fiorin Damiani, R. Dittadi, P. Borasio, and L. Bartoloni. "Soundwave’s Effect on Hematic Cortisol Level: A Pilot Study." Endocrine Abstracts, vol. 29, 2012, p. P56.

  • Lundqvist, L. O., Carlsson, F., Hilmersson, P., & Juslin, P. N. (2009). Emotional responses to music: Experience, expression, and physiology. Psychology of music, 37(1), 61-90.

  • Vanneste S, Martin J, Rennaker RL 2nd, Kilgard MP. Pairing sound with vagus nerve stimulation modulates cortical synchrony and phase coherence in tinnitus: An exploratory retrospective study. Sci Rep. 2017 Dec 11;7(1):17345. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-17750-y. PMID: 29230011; PMCID: PMC5725594.

  • https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health

    /articles/24568-acetylcholine-ach

  • Uvnäs Moberg, Kerstin, et al. “Oxytocin Is a Principal Hormone That Exerts Part of Its Effects by Active Fragments.” Hormones and Behavior, vol. 133, Dec. 2019, 109394.

  • Borovikova, L., Ivanova, S., Zhang, M. et al. Vagus nerve stimulation attenuates the systemic inflammatory response to endotoxin. Nature 405, 458–462 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1038/35013070

  • Chang, H.-K., Peng, T.-C., Wang, J.-H., & Lai, H.-L. (2011). Psychophysiological responses to sedative music in patients awaiting cardiac catheterization examination: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 26, E11-E18.

  • Kunikullaya, K. U., et al. (2015). Music versus lifestyle on the autonomic nervous system of prehypertensives and hypertensives—a randomized control trial. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 23(6), 733-740.

  • Lee, S., & Neunlist, M. (2021). Study on the effects of sound and music as medicine on cardiovascular health. Online Scientific Research Journal.

  • Kulinski, Jacquelyn, et al. "Effects of Music on the Cardiovascular System." Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine, vol. 32, no. 6, Aug. 2022, pp. 390–398. Published online 5 July 2021, doi:10.1016/j.tcm.2021.06.004

  • .Aygün O, Mohr E, Duff C, Matthew S, Schoenberg P. Oxytocin Modulation in Mindfulness-Based Pain Management for Chronic Pain. Life. 2024; 14(2):253.

  • Kavurmaci, Mehtap, Nuray Dayapoğlu, and Mehtap Tan. “Effect of Music Therapy on Sleep Quality.” Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine, vol. 26, no. 4, 2020, pp. 22-26.

  • Wang, Chun-Fang, Ying-Li Sun, and Hong-Xin Zang. “Music Therapy Improves Sleep Quality in Acute and Chronic Sleep Disorders: A Meta-Analysis of 10 Randomized Studies.” International Journal of Nursing Studies, vol. 51, no. 1, Jan. 2014, pp. 51-62.

  • "Understanding How Sound Suppresses Pain." National Institute of Health: Turning Discovery into Health, 26 July 2022, ISSN 2375-9593.

Research: